Image Credit: CVRx
CVRx was founded in Minneapolis, MN in 2001 by Dr. Robert Kieval to develop an implantable system for the treatment of hypertension.
CVRx’s implantable pulse generators deliver stimulation to the baroeceptors in the carotid arteries to induce a baroreflex that causes a drop in blood pressure in patients with refractory hypertension. Continue reading
Second Sight Medical Products, Inc., located in Los Angeles, CA, was founded in 1998 by Alfred Mann to develop a retinal prosthesis to provide sight to patients blinded from outer retinal degenerations, such as Retinitis Pigmentosa.
Second Sight’s Argus II Retinal Prosthesis System is intended to provide electrical stimulation of the retina to induce visual perception in blind individuals. The implant is an epiretinal prosthesis surgically implanted in and on the eye that includes an antenna, an electronics case, and an electrode array. The external equipment includes glasses, a video processing unit (VPU) and a cable.
© 2011 David Prutchi
St. Louis, MO startup EndoStim is developing an implantable stimulator to treat gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD) by delivering stimulation to the lower esophageal sphincter. The IPG is connected to an EndoStim implantable bipolar lead with electrodes that are stitched and secured into the lower esophageal sphincter muscle during laparoscopy. Continue reading
Sicel Technologies, Inc. was founded in 1999 and was based in Morrisville, NC. It ceased operations in 2010 after it declared bankruptcy.
Sicel developed an implantable dosimeter that was 2 mm in diameter and 18 mm long, and was injected into the tumor to send back readings to an external receiver via RFID. Continue reading
Alfred E. Mann holds B.A. and M.S. degrees in physics from the University of California, Los Angeles and honorary doctorate degrees from the University of Southern California, The Johns Hopkins University, Western University and the Technion Institute (Israel), as well as, Research Professor, University of Southern California, and Adjunct Professor, Dept. of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles.
Alfred Mann has founded 17 companies in his career. The AIMD companies currently within his control are:
Dr. Fischell received his BSME degree from Duke University and MS and Sc.D. degrees from the University of Maryland. Dr. Fischell was employed at the Johns Hopkins University where he was the Chief Engineer of the Space Department and worked on more than 50 spacecraft. His interests at Johns Hopkins then turned to the invention of new medical devices such as pacemakers and implantable heart defibrillators. Starting in 1969, Dr. Fischell began the formation of 14 private companies that licensed his patents on medical devices. These companies include Pacesetter Systems, Inc. (now called St. Jude Medical), IsoStent, Inc., NeuroPace, Inc., Neuralieve, Inc., Angel Medical Systems, Inc, and Svelte Medical Systems, Inc. Dr. Fischell is a prolific inventor with over 200 issued U.S. and foreign patents, many of which have been the basis for new medical device companies. Continue reading
Dr. David R. Fischell is a serial entrepreneur who has founded nine biomedical device companies in the last fifteen years. He is chairman of the Cornell University Biomedical Engineering Advisory Board, and a Fellow of the American Institute for Medical and Biological Engineering.
After earning his Ph.D. in Applied Physics from Cornell University, Dr. Fischell joined Bell Laboratories in 1979 where, for 11 years, he performed and directed a wide range of research and development projects. He left Bell Labs in 1991 to work full time on medical devices. He currently holds 85 issued U.S. patents, and has published numerous papers in the fields of telecommunications, cardiology, radiobiology, and radiation dosimetry. Continue reading
Image Credit: NeuroPace
NeuroPace is a privately-held company in Mountain View, CA. Their RNS® implantable stimulator, along with depth leads and cortical strip leads are designed for the treatment of medically refractory partial epilepsy.
Unlike Cyberonics’ VNS IPGs, the RNS neurostimulator is designed to detect abnormal electrical activity in the brain and respond by delivering electrical stimulation to normalize brain activity before the patient experiences seizure symptoms. The neurostimulator is implanted in the cranium and connected to one or two leads that are implanted near the patient’s seizure focus. Continue reading
Image credit: Cyberonics
Cyberonics was founded in Houston, TX in 1987 to develop an implantable device for the treatment of epilepsy. In July 1997, The FDA approved the VNS Therapy System (formerly known as the NCP® NeuroCybernetic Prosthesis System) as an adjunctive epilepsy treatment for adults and children over 12 years of age with partial onset seizures refractory to drugs.
Cyberonics currently markets the VNS Pulse and VNS Demipulse IPGs, which offer approximately 6 years of longevity at nominal stimulation settings (2 mA, 20 Hz, 500 msec, 10% duty cycle into a 4 kOhm load).
Image Credit: Respicardia
Respicardia, Inc. (formerly Cardiac Concepts, Inc.) is a privately held medical device company incorporated in 2006. It is located in Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA. It is developing an implantable system intended to improve the outcomes for Heart Failure patients by developing an implantable stimulation therapy to treat Central Sleep Apnea.
The remedē System is an implantable medical device that is being investigated in a clinical research study for the treatment of Central Sleep Apnea in patients with Heart Failure. It consists of three implantable components:
Image Credit: Imthera
The aura6000 is based on ImThera’s Targeted Hypoglossal Neurostimulation (THN) Sleep Therapy™ delivering neurostimulation to the tongue during sleep. The system is comprised of a surgically‐placed multi‐contact electrode specifically designed for the Hypoglossal nerve, and a lead that connects the electrode to a programmable implantable pulse generator (IPG) that is placed in the anterior chest wall. The device delivers muscle tone to key tongue muscles, preventing the tongue from collapsing into the upper airway, thus permitting normal breathing during sleep. Continue reading
Image Credit: Apnex Medical
MedicalApnex Medical, Inc. is located in St. Paul, MN. It was founded in 2006 and has developed the Hypoglossal Nerve Stimulation System (HGNS® System) for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). The HGNS System has been evaluated in feasibility studies and is now being assessed in an Investigational Device Exemption (IDE) Study (Apnex®Clinical Study).
The Apnex HGNS System is an implantable therapy that is intended to work by activating the muscles in the upper airway to ensure that the airway remains open during sleep. During sleep, the system detects the patient’s breathing and delivers mild stimulation to the hypoglossal nerve, the nerve that controls the muscles of the tongue, to keep the airway open. The stimulation is timed to a patient’s own breathing pattern. The HGNS System is programmed to work only when the patient is asleep, or it can be turned on and off as needed through a handheld controller. Continue reading
Image credit: Inspire Medical
Inspire Medical Systems, based in Minneapolis, Minnesota, develops implantable neurostimulation systems to treat Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA). Inspire Medical Systems was formed when the Inspire intellectual property and technology was licensed and spun out from Medtronic in 2007.
Inspire therapy is designed to deliver physiologically-timed, mild stimulation to the hypoglossal nerve on each breathing cycle to prevent airway obstruction during sleep.
Photo Credit: PRNewsFoto/Angel Medical Systems
Angel Medical was founded by Dr. Robert E. Fischell and Dr. David R. Fischell. The AngelMed Guardian® system is an implantable cardiac device, designed to detect rapid ST segment shifts that may signify major cardiac events, such as coronary artery occlusions caused by life-threatening vulnerable plaque ruptures. Once an ST shift is detected, the system is designed to alert patients to seek medical care by delivering a series of vibratory, auditory, and visual warnings. The AngelMed Guardian system is intended to address the challenge of patients not recognizing nor responding quickly to heart attacks. Continue reading
Image Credit: Brainsgate Website
Brainsgate‘s implantable pulse generator is designed to stimulate the Spheno-Palatine Ganglion. It is activated by an external transcutaneous energy transmitter. Brainsgate is evaluating the system’s capability to augment cerebral blood flow as a treatment of ischemic stroke or dementia. Continue reading